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Près de 20 000 migrants sont arrivés au Royaume-Uni à bord de petites
embarcations au cours des six premiers mois de 2025, soit une augmentation
de 48% par rapport à la même période de 2024. Sur l’ensemble de l’année
2024, près de 37 000 personnes ont été détectées en train de traverser,
soit 25% de plus qu’en 2023. Le total annuel le plus élevé a été enregistré
en 2022 avec 45 755 arrivées. Plus de 170 000 exilés ont réussi à accoster
en Grande-Bretagne depuis 2018. En 2024, les boat people ont représenté
près d’un tiers des 108 000 demandes d’asile au Royaume-Uni.
Entre 2018 et décembre 2024, 4 995 d’entre eux ont été expulsés dans leur
pays d’origine, soit de l’ordre de 3 % du total.
Face à l’échec des divers durcissements répressifs essayés par Londres et
Paris, le gouvernement travailliste prévoit la création d’une nouvelle
infraction de mise en danger de vies humaines en mer passible d’une peine
d’emprisonnement pouvant aller jusqu’à cinq ans. Quant aux personnes
reconnues coupables d’actes préparatoires à un trafic illicite, comme
l’achat de pièces détachées pour bateaux, elles encourront jusqu’à 14 ans
de prison. L’obtention de la nationalité britannique pourrait devenir
impossible à quiconque a franchi illégalement la Manche. Quelque 150
millions de livres sterling supplémentaires permettront la création d’un
nouveau commandement de la sécurité des frontières supposé améliorer
l’efficacité de la lutte contre les small boats. En 2023, les conservateurs
avait déjà prévu d’investir près de 500 millions de livres sterling sur
trois ans pour muscler les forces de l’ordre françaises.
L’OIM estime qu’au moins 82 migrants (y compris les victimes d’accidents
routiers) sont morts en 2024. Fin juin, elle évaluait à 18 le nombre de
tués sur route en 2025. Au total, depuis 2018, 247 exilés ont perdu la vie.
S’agissant des nationalités des candidats à la traversée, les Afghans
viennent en tête, suivis des Syriens, puis des Iraniens, des Vietnamiens et
des Érythréens. Ces cinq nationalités représentent 61% du total.
*BBC 1er** juillet** 2025*
How many people cross the Channel in small boats?
Almost 20,000 migrants came to the UK in small boats in the first six
months of 2025 - a 48% increase on the same period in 2024.
Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer has promised to “smash the gangs” bringing
migrants to the UK.
How many people cross the Channel in small boats?
Official figures show that 19,982 migrants crossed the Channel in small
boats between January and June 2025.
In 2024 as a whole, nearly 37,000 people were detected making the crossing
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c5y45dmg2pjo - 25% more than in 2023.
The highest yearly total is for 2022, when 45,755 people arrived.
More than 170,000 people have arrived in small boats since figures were
first recorded in 2018.
What is the government doing to reduce small boat crossings?
The goverment has pledged action to tackle small boats and has warned the
situation in the Channel is “deteriorating”.
Under Home office proposals, suspected people smugglers will face travel
bans, social media blackouts and phone restrictions
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c1mr177ze45o.
A new offence of endangering lives at sea
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c2egme9vp34o will carry a jail term
of up to five years. Those convicted of acts in preparation for smuggling -
such as buying boat parts - face up to 14 years in prison.
The government has toughened up rules to make it almost impossible for
anyone who arrives in the UK on a small boat to become a British citizen
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c9d5wj9l8e2o.
Previously, refugees who entered this way could apply for citizenship after
10 years. The Refugee Council estimates at least 71,000 people will be
affected.
Any offender sentenced to more than a year in prison can currently be
refused asylum and deported under the Refugee Convention.
The government wants to extend this to include any asylum seeker convicted
of sexual offences https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvg7q0e77exo.
Ministers are spending £150m to establish a new Border Security Command, to
lead on efforts to tackle small boats.
The government also wants French authorities to let police intercept
so-called taxi boats in shallow waters. These cruise along the coastline,
picking up people waiting in the sea.
In 2023, the previous Conservative government struck a deal to give France
almost £500m over three years for extra officers to help stop migrants.
Current shadow home secretary Chris Philp blamed the increase in crossings
on Labour “tearing up” the previous Conservative government’s plan
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx2vv4ndl4zo to deport some asylum
seekers to Rwanda shortly after it took office.
“This is the worst year on record, and it’s become a free-for-all,” he
added. The boats keep coming.”
How many people die crossing the Channel?
The International Organization for Migration (IOM), a UN agency, tracks the
number of people who die attempting to cross the Channel
https://missingmigrants.iom.int/region/europe.
Its figures include people who were travelling to a crossing point and died
in other circumstances, such as car crashes or because of medical issues.
The IOM estimates that at least 82 migrants died in 2024, making it the
deadliest year on record.
At the end of June it said that at least 18 people had died on this route
in 2025. That takes the total number of migrants who have lost their lives
since 2018 to 247.
The Refugee Council has said that the dangers of crossings have increased, with
more people crammed into less seaworthy boats
.
Who is crossing the Channel in small boats?
Afghans were the top nationality arriving by small boat in the year to
March 2025, according to Home Office figures.
Syrians made up the second largest group, followed by people from Iran,
Vietnam and Eritrea.
These five nationalities accounted for 61% of all arrivals.
In 2024, almost one third of the 108,000 people who claimed asylum in the UK
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c62zzxeeveeo arrived on a small boat.
The Home Office can remove people with no legal right to stay in the UK, or
refuse to let them enter.
Between 2018 and December 2024, 4,995 people who came to the UK in small
boats were returned to their home country - about 3% of the total.
How do UK small boat arrivals compare with those to Europe?
There were more than 180,000 arrivals by sea in Europe during 2024
https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/europe-sea-arrivals, with Italy
receiving more than a third.
Greece and Spain also received large numbers.
In the year ending September 2024, 1.1 million people claimed asylum in the
EU and European Economic Area (EEA), down 3% compared with the previous
year.
Germany received the most applicants - 294,415. France was second (162,390)
followed by Italy (162,305) and Spain (161,470).
bbc.com/news/articles/c8xgkx20dyvo
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8xgkx20dyvo